QUIZ on Pathophysiology

Question 1

1. A patient has a tissue growth that was diagnosed as cancer. Which of the following terms best describes this growth?a.Neoplasmb.Lipomac.Meningiomad.Hypertrophy

   1 points  

   Question 2

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   1. During inflammation, the liver is stimulated to release plasma proteins, collectively known as:a.Opsoninsb.Acute phase reactantsc.Antibodiesd.Phagolysosome

      1 points  

      Question 3

      1. Which of the following hormones activates adrenergic receptors?a.Oxytocinb.Prolactinc.Epinephrined.Somatotropin

         1 points  

         Question 4

         1. A 65-year-old female is diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer. She has developed muscle wasting. Which of the following substances would be produced in large quantities to eliminate the tumor cells and cause muscle wasting?a.Interleukin-6b.Eosinophilsc.Tumor necrosis factord.Platelets

            1 points  

            Question 5

            1. While planning care for children with cancer, which information should the nurse remember? Most childhood cancers originate from the:a.Placentab.Environmentc.Mesodermal germ layerd.Neural tube

               1 points  

               Question 6

               1. A 20-year-old male shoots his hand with a nail gun while replacing roofing shingles. Which of the following cell types would be the first to aid in killing bacteria to prevent infection in his hand?a.Eosinophilsb.Neutrophilsc.Leukotrienesd.Monocytes

                  1 points  

                  Question 7

                  1. A 10-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting wheezing and difficulty breathing. History reveals that both of the child’s parents suffer from allergies. Which of the following terms would be used to classify the child?a.Desensitizedb.Atopicc.Hyperactived.Autoimmune

                     1 points  

                     Question 8

                     1. A 3-year-old is making play cakes in a sandbox and is eating the play cakes. The sand was also being used by cats as a litter box and was contaminated with toxoplasmosis. Which of the following would most likely also be present?a.Granuloma formationb.Degranulationc.Blood clotsd.Exudate production

                        1 points  

                        Question 9

                        1. Stress induces sympathetic stimulation of the adrenal medulla. This causes the secretion of catecholamines, which include:a.Epinephrine and aldosteroneb.Norepinephrine and cortisolc.Epinephrine and norepinephrined.Cortisol and aldosterone

                           1 points  

                           Question 10

                           1. A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard. He begins itching and develops pain, swelling, redness, and respiratory difficulties. He is suffering from:a.Immunodeficiencyb.Autoimmunityc.Anaphylaxisd.Tissue-specific hypersensitivity

                              1 points  

                              Question 11

                              1. A 5-month-old child is admitted to the hospital with recurring respiratory infections. A possible cause of this condition is:a.Hypergammaglobulinemiab.Increased maternal IgGc.Immune insufficiencyd.Decreased maternal antibody breakdown, resulting in hyposensitivity

                                 1 points  

                                 Question 12

                                 1. An 8-year-old female presents with edema of the cutaneous and mucosal tissue layers. Her mother reports that the condition is recurrent and seems to occur more often during stressful situations. The child is diagnosed with hereditary angioedema. Which of the following is deficient in this child?a.C1 esterase inhibitorb.Carboxypeptidasec.Neutrophilsd.Plasmin

                                    1 points  

                                    Question 13

                                    1. Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and _____ is not successful.a.Fight or flightb.Alarmc.Adaptationd.Arousal

                                       1 points  

                                       Question 14

                                       1. Which of the following individuals would be at greatest risk for an opportunistic infection?a.18-year-old with diabetesb.70-year-old with congestive heart failurec.24-year-old who is immunocompromisedd.30-year-old with pneumonia

                                          1 points  

                                          Question 15

                                          1. A 45-year-old male presents with persistent, severe stomach pain. Testing reveals a peptic ulcer. Further laboratory tests reveal the presence of Helicobacter pylori. Which of the following is of concern for this patient?a.Gastric cancerb.Leukemiac.Lung cancerd.Adenocarcinoma of the colon

                                             1 points  

                                             Question 16

                                             1. Which of the following patients would be at greatest risk for basal cell carcinoma?a.Dark complexion, light eyes, underweightb.Light complexion, dark eyes, overweightc.Medium complexion, light eyes, smokerd.Light complexion, light eyes, fair hair

                                                1 points  

                                                Question 17

                                                1. When a patient presents at the emergency department for an allergic reaction, the nurse recognizes the most severe consequence of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is:a.Urticariab.Hivesc.Anaphylaxisd.Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)

                                                   1 points  

                                                   Question 18

                                                   1. When histamine is released in the body, which of the following responses would the nurse expect?a.Bronchial dilationb.Edemac.Vasoconstrictiond.Constipation

                                                      1 points  

                                                      Question 19

                                                      1. A 35-year-old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the adrenal medulla. He experiences elevated blood pressure, pupil dilation, “goose bumps,” and increased anxiety. Which of the following hormones is the predominant one released by the tumor?a.Antidiuretic hormoneb.Acetylcholinec.Norepinephrined.Cortisol

                                                         1 points  

                                                         Question 20

                                                         1. An infant develops a fever secondary to a bacterial infection. Which of the following most likely triggered the fever?a.Interleukin-1b.Interleukin-6c.Interleukin-10d.Interferons (INFs)

                                                            1 points  

                                                            Question 21

                                                            1. While planning care, a nurse recalls seasonal allergic rhinitis is expressed through:a.IgE-mediated reactionsb.Tissue-specific reactionsc.Antigen-antibody complexesd.Type II hypersensitivity reactions

                                                               1 points  

                                                               Question 22

                                                               1. A 30-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting fatigue, excessive sweating, and increased appetite. Physical examination reveals protruding eyes, and laboratory testing reveals hyperthyroidism secondary to autoantibody production. This disorder falls into the category of type _____ hypersensitivity.a.Ib.IIc.IIId.IV

                                                                  1 points  

                                                                  Question 23

                                                                  1. When a patient asks the nurse what hypersensitivity is, how should the nurse respond? Hypersensitivity is best defined as:a.A reduced immune response found in most pathologic statesb.A normal immune response to an infectious agentc.An excessive or inappropriate response of the immune system to a sensitizing antigend.Antigenic desensitization

                                                                     1 points  

                                                                     Question 24

                                                                     1. A 30-year-old male is having difficulty breathing and has been spitting blood. He reports that he began experiencing this reaction after cleaning his pigeons’ cages. Testing reveals he is suffering from allergic alveolitis. Which of the following is he experiencing?a.Serum sicknessb.Raynaud phenomenonc.Antibody-dependent cytotoxicityd.Arthus reaction

                                                                        1 points  

                                                                        Question 25

                                                                        1. A 30-year-old female is diagnosed with cancer. Testing reveals that the cancer cells have spread to local lymph nodes. A nurse realizes this cancer would be documented as stage:a.1b.2c.3d.4

                                                                           1 points  

                                                                           Question 26

                                                                           1. The nurse would correctly identify the medical term for ringworm as:a.Impetigob.Tinea corporisc.Thrushd.Psoriasis

                                                                              1 points  

                                                                              Question 27

                                                                              1. A 20-year-old female presents with vaginal itch and thin-walled pustular lesions. She is diagnosed with candidiasis. This condition is caused by a:a.Yeastb.Fungusc.Bacteriumd.Virus

                                                                                 1 points  

                                                                                 Question 28

                                                                                 1. A 30-year-old female complains of fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine color. Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney inflammation. Assuming a diagnosis of SLE, which of the following is also likely to be present?a.Anti-LE antibodiesb.Antinuclear antibodiesc.Antiherpes antibodiesd.Anti-CMV antibodies

                                                                                    1 points  

                                                                                    Question 29

                                                                                    1. A 5-year-old male is diagnosed with tinea corporis following development of lesions on the non-hairy parts of his face, trunk, and limbs. A common source of this condition is a:a.Kittenb.Pet birdc.Hamsterd.Horse

                                                                                       1 points  

                                                                                       Question 30

                                                                                       1. A 42-year-old female presents with raised red lesions with a brownish scale. She was diagnosed with discoid lupus erythematosus. A clinician recalls this disorder is related to:a.Infectionb.Traumac.Autoimmunityd.Cancer

                                                                                          1 points  

                                                                                          Question 31

                                                                                          1. A 5-year-old female takes a hike through the woods during a school field trip. Upon returning home, she hugs her father, and he later develops poison ivy. Which of the following immune reactions is he experiencing?a.IgE-mediatedb.Tissue specificc.Immune complexd.Cell-mediated

                                                                                             1 points  

                                                                                             Question 32

                                                                                             1. A 46-year-old male presents with severe pain, redness, and tenderness in the right big toe. He was diagnosed with gouty arthritis. He is at risk for developing: